Suspense In The Cask of Amontillado - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 617 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/05/23 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: The Cask of Amontillado Essay Did you like this example? How does Poe create suspense in The Cask of Amontillado? In the story The Cask of Amontillado, the Poe creates a lot of suspense. This story was in an unnamed Italian city at a carnival when a man takes revenge on his friend who he thinks has done him wrong. He makes the reader think that they are going to get to the wine that Montresor wants to show Fortunato, but they never quite get there. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Suspense In The Cask of Amontillado" essay for you Create order The writer is always making it where you want to keep reading the book to see what is coming next. In this book the writer makes it easy to picture what is happening. There are many ways that Edgar Allen Poe uses suspense, foreshadowing, and imagery in The Cask of Amontillado. In the beginning of this story, Montresor asks Fortunato more than once, if he has somewhere that he needs to be. Fortunato finally answers with no and Montresor decides that it will be safe to follow through with his plan. It almost seems like he is giving Fortunato a chance to turn back or Montresor isnt wanting to kill Fortunato. He also takes advantage of Fortunato since he is very drunk and doesnt know exactly what is going on. This makes it a lot easier for Fortunato to go along with what Montresor asks him to do. When Montresor asks him more than once about his plans the reader can get the idea that something bad is going to happen. Montresor wants to make sure nobody is going to come looking for Fortunato and thatrs why Montresor keeps asking Fortunato if he has plans. This gives the reader the idea that Montresor is probably going to do something other than show Fortunato the wine. This makes the reader think that Montresor is going to hurt or kill Fortunato. Suspense is shown in the story by the characters being at a carnival where it is happy and cheerful and then it says theyre slowly going down into a dark, damp crypt. The reader gets the idea as they get deeper into the tunnels, something bad will eventually happen. Montresor keeps asking Fortanato about his health and seems to be acting like hers worried about him but he doesnt really care. Fortunato says he shall not die of a cough. This foreshadows an end to Fortunato. When Fortunato says he shall not die of a cough, this is true since he died from dehydration and starvation. Poe is able to create suspense throughout the whole story by talking about the tunnels and how damp and dark they are and the presence of death. The way he writes this story shows dark imagery. You can imagine Montresor taking Fortunato into the tunnels and how dark it is. The reader can imagine Montresor building the wall and even how drunk Fortunato is. Itrs amazing how many things you can imagine just by the way Poe wrote the story. Suspense was also shown when Montresor chained Fortunato and then slowly started building the wall to close him in where he couldnt get out. He would stop to look at him or listen to him and it made you wonder if he was dead yet. This book was constantly making you wonder what was going to happen next or if Fortunato was dead. This story also made the reader wonder if Montresor was just playing around and was going to let Fortunato go. The story made you wonder if they would ever get to the wine, but they never did. Itrs crazy what someone would do just to kill a person. The Cask of Amontillado was a weird story but a very interesting story to read.

Internationalization of the Ikea in the Egypt Markets Statistics Project

Essays on Internationalization of the Ikea in the Egypt Markets Statistics Project The paper â€Å"Internationalization of the Ikea in the Egypt Markets" is an excellent example of a statistics project on marketing. In the multibillion furniture and retail global market, IKEA group is one of the leaders in the world. In the global environment, IKEA was able to distinguish itself from other furniture retailers by combining its unique principles of function, form, and affordability. Having progressively taken over the European market, IKEA ventured into the American market. Although there was little success at first, IKEA improved its market position through market research and advertisements. The progress has now ranked IKEA as the fastest-growing furniture retailer with a major market share in the US.In Africa, IKEA has extended its presence by setting outlets in countries like South Africa. Egypt with a population of 81.5 million people (2008 estimate) provides a potential market for IKEA’s global expansion strategy. Considering Canada that hosts 11 IKEA s tores records an annual 25 million visitors, Egypt with its cost-based competitive furniture market provided a ready market for IKEA. The company targeted the affluent middle class willing to spend up to $3,000 for household furnishing. Because the Egyptian furniture manufacturers and retailers depend on wood supplied to the industry from Eastern and Northern Europe, the presence of IKEA will greatly lower the cost of production and hence the price of furniture for the middle-class earners. In addition to wood, all other materials for the manufacturing process are imported hence exposing the industry to changing international currency and prices (Ingvar Kamprad IKEA, 1996).IKEA History and EnvironmentHistoryUpon its inception in 1943, IKEA under the direct control of Kamprad purchased wallets, pens, jewelry and other personal items in bulk, and once retailed them in smaller quantities, at a profit; and it was not until 1948 that the company began dealing with furniture. Although it is run by the family Kamprad, the founder Ingvar Kamprad established the company in Sweden in 1943. The name IKEA represents Ingvar Kamprad (founder’s names) and Elmtaryd  Ã‚  Agunnaryd (the firm he was born and name of his home country). With its headquarters in Helsingborg, Sweden IKEA has 238 stores in 34 countries. Low-priced product sales conducted via catalog paved way for the first store that was set up in Älmhult  (Sweden) due to the competition in the market. Consequently, competition in the market caused rivals to gang up against IKEA by encouraging distributors to quickly end contracts with the company. Despite excluding it from participating in trade fairs, the competitors eventually did not manage to face out IKEA and thus allowed it to start designing its own furniture. By adopting own designs (vertical integration) and competing in the furniture industry, IKEA experienced increasing product sales (Johansson Thelander, 2009).Internal and external envir onmentConsidered the leader in the furniture sector and with the largest market share, IKEA is currently focused on increasing its global presence by localization strategies in various countries. Despite its reputation as a prestigious and innovative company in the furniture industry, IKEA has to maintain its innovativeness and vigilance in order to remain top.Considering the recent statistics of sales by region whereby Europe’s 81%, North America’s 16%, and Asia and Australia’s 3%, Africa will be expected to contribute, though insignificantly to the company’s turnover. For the fiscal year 2008-09, the company generated revenues of 23.1 billion euros. Turnover according to country rankings places Germany on top, with the United States second. France is third, the United Kingdom fourth and Sweden is least (Central Intelligence Agency. 2009).

Muslim rituals and practices free essay sample

Religion is a universal foundation of custom, practices, beliefs and law that can affect every one’s perspective in life. Religion is somehow looking back to what culture and tradition we have before, a very ancient institution. Islam is a religion that is approximately 1,400 years old, having been founded by Muhammad in the 600s A.D. There is no primitive society without religion. Like Christianism, Islam is also a monotheistic religion. There are some sacred practices and rituals that are very important to Muslims. Based on religion facts some of their rituals are practiced daily, like prayer; others are practiced annually, like those aligned with specific Islamic holidays. Each of the later religion flourished the message of its predecessors, bringing an update version of religion in the world. When Islam is born, it is the same day that Muhammad was born in Mecca in Saudi Arabia in 570. According to Ehtisham Khan Yousafzai, Muhammad was a deeply spiritual man, and often spent time in meditation on Mount Hira. We will write a custom essay sample on Muslim rituals and practices or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hira in Bengali means Diamond. It tells here that one evening in 610 he was meditating in a cave on the mentioned mountain when he was visited by the angel Jibreel who ordered him to â€Å"recite†. After some difficulty Muhammad found that he was reciting words which he came to understand were the words of God. After of it, when he is resting, Muhammad continued to receive these revelations. The words were remembered and recorded, and form the text of the Holy Qu’ran, the Muslim scripture it also reflects their law. Quran is the sacred text for Muslim who made by Muhammads teachings and was complied after he died by his followers. The religious practices of Muslims are just few in numbers but for them those practices is very important. The Five Pillars of Islam symbolizes their faith as believer of their institution.

Managing And Coordinating The Hr Function an Organization Sample

Question: Discuss about the Managing And Coordinating The Hr Function. Answer: Introduction HRM functions: HRM functions help an organization manage its employees. It provides an organization a structure and help in satisfying the needs of the organization with the help of employees. Efficiency and management of workforce can be done with the help of HR department. Also, HR department deals with the recruitment, employee safety, employee relationships, compensation and benefits, and training and development of the employees. An efficient HRM manages the workforce so that the employee can contribute efficiently and effectively towards the organization. Qatar Airways: Qatar Airways are one of the youngest airlines. It was founded in 1993 and was re-launched in 1994 under the instructions of the Emir, his highness Sheikh Hamad Bin Khalifa Al Thani. It is partially owned by the government. It has around 39,000 employees and consists of 300 fleets. The organization is headquartered in Doha, Qatar. It flies to more than 150 destinations. The airline is growing every year and increasing its market share (Qatar Airways, 2016). Mission statement A mission statements gives the aim of the organization and communicates the organizations reason for its being. It also aims to serve its stakeholders. The benefit from the organization can be taken by customers, employees, investors and stakeholders. A mission statement in an organization includes the values that it gives to its customers. Also, it includes the future aspects of an organization and steps that are being taken for the improvement of the organization. It represents the improvement in the organization and also include the aim what it want to be in the future. Qatar Airways is been a well flourished airline and is making progress every year by increasing its profits. Due to its innovation in service providing and quality of services there is no declination in its sustainability (Kemp, 2012). The airways delivers an elite service to its audiences and meets up to their expectations. The customers get more that their expectations when they are served by the airlines. The co mpetitors of the airlines are also providing the similar services therefore to gain an advantage over them the Qatar airways have improved its services so that it can attract its target customers. Therefore Qatar airways is always trying to flourish in the future by applying innovation through their focused strategies. The five mission statements of the organization are as follows: Dedicate ourselves to provide safe services to the customers through our activities. Respect the culture and customs of every nation and contribute to economic and social development through corporate activities in the communities. Incorporating advanced technologies and innovation so as to provide elite services to the customers. Providing cleanliness, hygiene and comfort during the flight to all its customers. Contribute positively to our communities and our environment. These statements are future oriented as providing safer services to the customers is the main priority of the airline due to recent hijacks and crash reports. The organization should ensure that safety of the customers is very important for the organization. This mission statement is very useful in ensuring the customers regarding the safety issues. Sometimes the problem of culture and customs are there in the flights. As the flight travels in different nation so it must ensure that each culture should be respected and the organization will provide services accordingly to the customers during the flight. In future to become successful the organization should remain updated by improving its technologies in the fleets. By providing innovative services to the customers help the organization to attract customers towards the brand. Innovation in services is related to the entertainment during the flights. Providing the flights with satellite phones, internet services during the flight and screens showing some entertainment stuff during the flight are related to innovative technology. Comfort in the flights is very important. Customers who are travelling long distance needs a comfortable journey. Providing them with comfortable seats and services with hygiene should be the main issue of the airlines. The flights should be environment friendly and does not harm the environment. The HRM department should ensure the recruitment of the staff that will ensure that these missions should be accomplished by the organization (Sengupta Sengupta, 2014). Role of HRM department Recruitment: The mission statements of the company can be accomplished with the help of Human resource. Also an effective performance of an organization can be achieved by the help of human resource. As, HR department helps in attracting the diverse and competent applicant and utilizing their techniques in the work. The recruitment process in Qatar Airways is highly demanding. To maintain a cheerful and friendly environment in the Qatar airways, the applicants of each department have to meet a criteria related to the age, qualification and physical attributes. Group interviews and after that in depth interviews are conducted to evaluate the competencies of the applicant and whether he or she is suitable for the job (Mayhew, 2017). Reward, welfare and benefits: After the recruitment process it is the duty of the HR department to retain the talent in the organization. The rewards and other benefits like growth in professional front, appraisals, pay hike must be given to the employees so that the employee does not leave the company. The talent management should be done by the organization so that good employee does not leave the company as they are the real assets of the company. The employee helps in the achievement of the goals that are processed by the organization. Therefore, awards and benefits play an important role in the organization. Learning and Development: Learning and development is a key component for the success of the service firms. To meet the customers expectation and provide excellent services learning and development of the employee is necessary. Also, it helps in the growth of the organization as trained employees will provide better services to the customers and the organization will achieve customer satisfaction. The training is provided to the employees who provide services and also to the executive staff. These trainings help in learning and development of the employees. Training and development as a requirement for small business A small organization which is not having dedicated HR function department. For updating the knowledge and skills of the employees the training of the employees is necessary. It will help in polishing the skills of the employees and make the employee to compete in the corporate world. Also, from an employee point of view, training sessions are important for the growth of an individual. With the help of training sessions an employee sees its growth professionally, which helps in increasing the professional skills of the employees. The organization also provides training sessions so that talent in the organization can be retained. If the employee will not see ant growth in the organization, he or she will leave the job. So, training and development sessions are necessary for the growth of the organization as well as for the employee. Also, appraisals are important for the employees growth as it is a part of motivation to the employee. If an employee sees the financial growth in the company the work of the employee becomes effective and efficient. Efficient working of the employee helps the company to grow very fast (Scott, 2017). Due to the small organization having only 75 employees and no HR department it is difficult to provide training to each and every employee due to the lack of funds. But, the company manages to provide the training and development session to each employee every year. Also, it gives appraisals to the employees. Managers of the company are interested in improving the effectiveness of the company. HR department can help in increasing the effectiveness of the company. The main functions of HR departments are recruitment, training and development, employees safety, talent management and compensation and benefits. The recruitment diverse and competent employee help in the company to do effective work. The appropriate employee for the specific work helps in doing the work effectively and it will help in the growth of the company. Also, by providing training and learning sessions to the employees help in increasing the skills of the employee. With this the employees can work efficiently and w ill help the company to do innovative and effective work. Giving appraisals and pay hikes to the employees contribute in job satisfaction. An employee having job satisfaction can work efficiently. A dissatisfied employee cannot work efficiently and will leave the job. Therefore, to retain talent in the organization job satisfaction of the employee is necessary which can done by providing the employee with professional and financial growth. Therefore, by incorporating HR department, the work effectiveness of the employees can be enhanced. Incorporating HR department in the organization is a costly affair which is not possible for the company. Therefore, By outsourcing the work of HR department the effectiveness can be brought into the company. Outsourcing HR department Outsourcing of HR department in a business allows an organization to bring effectiveness in the work. The HR department in an organization sees the employees recruitment, training and development, payroll, maintain files and records. By outsourcing the HR department in the company can gain advantages in many aspects. It will help in cost saving, increasing efficiency and will help in employee development. Cost Saving A fully functional human resource department requires an experienced staff and space for the operation and which cannot be afforded by the organization. Therefore, outsourcing may help the business in the way having the HR department without creating the space for it. Also, the cost of other elements in the business can be reduced. As the company provides the training to the staff by using its funds. These funds can be utilized somewhere else by incorporating the HR department with the help of outsourcing. Also, cost of outsourcing are variable and can be reduced. By outsourcing the HR department the services will become cost effective (Business Legal Resources, 2017). Increase in Efficiency To maintain a productive and efficient workplace is difficult without the help of HR department. Outsourcing will help in creating effectiveness and efficiency with human resource systems. It will use an advanced technology to improve the HR work and provide the employees with best learning. Also, the main HR functions can be streamlined with the help of outsourcing. Payrolls and appraisals can be maintained with the help of the advanced technology. The managers in the company can focus on their own work rather than the HR work. Managers will get innovative methods and less time is required for doing the work as earlier by doing paper work. This will increase the efficiency of the work. More time will be given to the improvement of the efficiency and effectiveness (Gray, 2013). Employee Development With the help of outsourcing the employee performance and development can be managed. Incorporating performance management plans can help in improving the job performance. These plans help in employees complying with the company policies and help them in meeting the companys business objectives. Also, these performance plans help the employee to get the real status of the objectives of the company (Skolnick, 2016). This helps the employees to work in that particular direction to do the work efficiently. Also, the outsourcing firms monitors the employees performance time to time. It will help the organization to know regarding the shortcomings of the employees. Therefore, training and learning sessions can be provided according to the employees performance. This helps in reducing the workload from the managers and help them focus towards their work. Training and development sessions also help in the development of the employees. The employees work efficiency can be increased by provid ing the training sessions. As the HR department analyses the performance of each employee, it can help in providing the training in particular aspect where the employee lacks efficiency. This will make an employee effective and also help the organization to grow (Herner, 2011). Determination of Pay scales of the employees For attracting a talented and qualified staff in an organization employees payment must be decided appropriately as it affects the talent recruitment. Determining the proper pay scale affects the efficiency and productivity of an organization. Setting the pay scale appropriately with the scale not too much or not too low help in recruiting the appropriate candidate for the job. The pay scale of the employees can be determined on the following factors. Comparison of job descriptions with other job posting: By comparing similar positions with other job postings will help in ensuring the salary levels. The duties, skills and qualifications should be compared to determine the salary for the job (Silva, 2014). By assessing the scale from other companies: By the assessment the organization can realize that position require the this much amount of pay scale. Employers survey will help in getting the scale for the particular job position and for the particular qualification. These research groups help in determining the wages and information regarding the salary of the particular position. Assessment through Employers survey: This survey will help in analyzing the scale for the particular position in the organization. The survey will help the organization to analyze according to the level of the company. As, MNCs salary for a particular position is more than as compared to the local industry. Information from Public sector job databases: These databases will also help in analyzing the salary for the particular position. As the pay structure of public sectors are the competitive with the private sectors. This will help in determining the salary levels (PWC, 2016). Tracking the earlier wages, experience and credentials of the employees: By getting the earlier information regarding the term served by the employee in earlier company, and the salary taken by the employee can also help in determining the salary. Employees training and development opportunities can become a deciding factor for receiving of higher compensation. The experience also matters in the case of determining the salary of an employee. For example a manager with some experience and a manager with more experience should be given different salaries. Therefore, salaries are allotted to each individual based on the career track of the employee. Present Pay scale setting Scenario of the organization Presently the organization is using an informal approach for setting the scale of the employee. The negotiation of the salary is done when the candidate is offered the job. The managers decide the hike in the salary according to his or her way. This approach of setting the salary of an individual is not recommended for any organization. This type of negotiation can lead to the bad reputation of the organization and can pin point towards the ethical standards which are followed by the organization. Also, pay hikes done only by the managers, according to his views are not the ethical way of giving the hikes to the employees (Heskett, 2007). Appraisal and pay hike system in organization The pay hike system used by the organization is not ethically a right way to give benefits to the organization. The system is controlled by a manager only whose opinion is taken for the pay hikes. This system of hike can be biased. Therefore, by adopting this system, the employees cannot feel satisfied and talented employees will not choose the organization. The performance measurement of an employees can be done on taking into account various aspects. Also, various aspects can be analyzed taking into account the views of many person and feedback taken from the employees also. The KPI system can be used for the analysis of pay hikes in the company. Key Performance Indicator system Key performance indicator helps in regular checking of the employees performance. It helps in determining the field in which the employee is giving its maximum output. KPI in the system first analyses the goals and objectives of the company and then tune with the core practices linked to the business. After the analysis, it looks into the working of the employees. Also, it checks the dealing of employees with the clients. The employees are checked according to the work assigned to them. Each department can track its own KPI and it will help other departments also. By tracking and measuring each individual performance for a particular target, the comparison can be made (Mayhew, 2017). Therefore, comparisons will help in analyzing the real performer of the task. The organization can work on this system for giving pay hikes and appraisals to the employees. This system will let the examination of each employee and then the pay hikes can be given to the employee according to their perform ance score. This performance based system is not biased and is ethically correct. It will also bring in the satisfaction of the employee and can show out the scope of improvement in the employee. Therefore, for exact examination of the employee performance key performance indicators should be incorporated and older system of performance measurement should not be used. References Business Legal Resources, 2017. When and How to Outsource Training, Available at: https://trainingtoday.blr.com/article/when-and-how-to-outsourse-training/ Gray, N., 2013. 6 Top Reasons for Outsourcing Human Resources Functions, Available at: https://www.jobscience.com/blog/6-top-reasons-for-outsourcing-human-resources-functions/ Herner, M., 2011. What Small Companies Really Need from HR, Available at: https://www.payscale.com/compensation-today/2011/12/role-of-hr Heskett, J., 2007. How Should Pay Be Linked to Performance?, Available at: https://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/how-should-pay-be-linked-to-performance Kemp, S., 2012. Mission Statements of International Airlines: A Content Analysis, Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/288b/570895cba36d0a2cb9980545032bec8c0a88.pdf Mayhew, 2017. How to Determine the Proper Pay Scale for Employees, Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/determine-proper-pay-scale-employees-11259.html Mayhew, R., 2017. Six Main Functions of a Human Resource Department, Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/six-main-functions-human-resource-department-60693.html PWC, 2016. Research into modern pay systems: Office of Manpower Economics, Available at: https://www.legco.gov.hk/general/english/library/stay_informed_overseas_policy_updates/modern_pay_systems.pdf Qatar Airways, 2016. Qatar Airways Group Sustainability Report 2015 -2016, Available at: https://www.qatarairways.com/iwov-resources/temp-docs/csr/sustainability-report.pdf Scott, S., 2017. The Advantages of Outsourcing HR Functions, Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-outsourcing-hr-functions-21169.html Sengupta, N. Sengupta, M., 2014. Singapore Airlines: Gliding with People Excellence, Available at: https://sdmimd.ac.in/SDMRCMS/cases/CIM2014/10.pdf Silva, S., 2014. An introduction to performance and skill-based pay systems: International Labour Office, Available at: https://www.ilo.org/public/english/dialogue/actemp/downloads/publications/srspaysy.pdf Skolnick, A., 2016. Outsourcing HR: Big Savings for Small Businesses, Available at: https://www.inc.com/fiscal-times/human-resources-big-savings-for-small-business.html Answer:

Hidden Valley free essay sample

I call it Hidden Valley.It has nothing to do with salad dressing and everything to do with my vision of a better world.It has become a running joke within my family.Whenever I encounter an injustice, a corruption, or superfluous rule, I plant my feet, square my shoulders and proclaim, â€Å"In Hidden Valley, [insert solution here]!†.For example, in Hidden Valley, political campaigns are all about ideas.Candidates can be anyone.They fire up their laptops and present their ideas to the general public.Citizens vote for ideas, not people.In Hidden Valley, there will be no genetically modified foods, no gratuitous trademarks or copyrights.I would strongly proclaim, â€Å"Humans cannot copyright plant genes.Sorry, Monsanto.†Resting in the rich soil of Hidden Valley are my hopes for a just and peaceful world.I am no idealist. I know what I’m asking. To reach the safety of Hidden Valley, I have to take risks and leave my comfort zone. We will write a custom essay sample on Hidden Valley or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To realize the safety of Hidden Valley, I have to be dangerous.How ironic. I can build Hidden Valley on my computer screen.In fact, I spend a lot of time looking at screens.It’s not just me; we all look at screens all of the time, a collection of pixels representing the world and all its parts.Pixels are minuscule color dots that, when joined with other minuscule dots, create the illusion of an object.If I want to be inspired, I look at thousands of pixels that make up words and pictures on a screen.What Hidden Valley becomes is up to me. I pour out my heart into shapes and symbols that represent a freshly created world where I am in control and all is well, a Hidden Valley just for me.I am emboldened to express my creativity, vent my frustrations and solve my problems.The impossible is within my grasp; where I can build a base on the moon or construct a castle in a day.Excitement in a hard drive.These simulations of a 2D Hidden Valley can become a collection of my own little realitiesBut when my creation is compared to the real thing, there can be little mistake about which reality is the tangible one.Pixilated sunrises and simulated waterfalls can only sustain my cravings for visual beauty for so long.I long for authenticity.That’s when I realize that the way to Hidden Valley is over a bridge, a bridge that might hide a few trolls. While my idealized safe place is purely fictitious, the bridge is not.It represents a very real quest for knowledge and understanding as well as a desire to better our world.The obstacles are formidable and the path is treacherous, so I must look for companions who share similar goals and wish to collaborate in order to solve problems.Through hard work and like-minded support, the valley can become a lot less hidden.

Restrictive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As

Restrictive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As Restrictive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As Restrictive and Unrestrictive Use of Such As By Mark Nichol The phrase â€Å"such as† comes in handy for referring to specifics, but whether it begins a longer phrase framed by a pair of commas depends on whether that longer phrase is essential to the sentence or is provided as additional but nonessential information. The following sentences demonstrate erroneous use or omission of punctuation with the phrase; discussion and revision indicate correct usage. 1. In circumstances, such as these, are our strengths and weaknesses revealed. A pair of commas around â€Å"such as these† presumes that the phrase is optional, but â€Å"In circumstances are our strengths and weaknesses revealed,† though a valid statement, misses the point of the sentence, which is intended to relate the sentiment to a particular set of circumstances, so the phrase is essential and should not be set off: â€Å"In circumstances such as these are our strengths and weaknesses revealed.† 2. The use of the technology allows companies, such as World Wide Wickets, to transfer funds faster, cheaper, and in a trackable mechanism. Out of context, it may not be clear whether the parenthesis is necessary, but when one accepts the assumption that the company has already been mentioned, the phrase seems oddly intrusive when treated as an interjection, while its integral placement in the statement is natural: â€Å"The use of the technology allows companies such as World Wide Wickets to transfer funds faster, cheaper, and in a trackable mechanism.† 3. Specific employee information, such as Social Security numbers and I-9 forms for employment eligibility must be transferred in accordance with law. The examples given in this sentence are helpful but not essential, so the phrase beginning with â€Å"such as† and ending before the verb phrase â€Å"must be transferred† should be treated parenthetically. This sentence starts off correctly but neglects to close off the parenthesis with a second comma: â€Å"Specific employee information, such as Social Security numbers and I-9 forms for employment eligibility, must be transferred in accordance with law.† (The sentence is also correct without internal punctuation.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Passed vs Past45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†The Difference Between "Shade" and "Shadow"

FAST FASHION IN USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

FAST FASHION IN USA - Essay Example obber market fashion company’s management and profitability ventures, has largely concentrated on strategies adopted by these business, with her key focus being on price competitiveness. The article mainly focuses on one of the largest fast fashion business line, which is Forever 21, a company that is currently valued at $3 billion in net worth, 477 stores worldwide, and has over 35,000 employees. The feature has also outlined some other fashion companies related to fashion 21, accommodating a similar strategy, or focusing on efficiency and speed in the distribution and supply lines, which has resulted in fashion being available to all individuals in the society as opposed to how they were only previously relatable to fashionistas in urban areas. Fast fashion has been assessed from a number of perspectives, from its growing nature, its influence on the job market and the reason for its boom in the 2000s. Additionally, the review has also covered some of the key issues in contemporary international fashion, considering some of the vital considerations such as infringements and copyright violations, brand placement and competition. Forever 21 has opened a fashion stor e on fifth avenue New York, popularly known for large and luxurious fashion companies and not those that adopt price reduction strategies such as the mentioned party. The assessment of supply chain reduction and new innovations is also an impressive aspect of the article since it not only concentrates on the marketing strategies but also shows how these organizations have managed to achieve economic advantages over their competition both in terms of costs and time. The establishment of warehouses all over the world for instance is one of the key strategies that Forever 21 has adopted to ensure that it reduces the lead time from demand to the supply of these products to their retail stores and other departmental stores selling their products as well. The insights offered by this article are highly

Advanced Nurse Practitioners effective in the A&E environment Dissertation

Advanced Nurse Practitioners effective in the A&E environment - Dissertation Example Definition of Nursing - Nursing is an art and a science. - Earlier emphasis was on the care of sick patient; now the promotion of health is stressed. - British Nurses Association definition, 2003: Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual and potential health problems. Roles of Nursing Whether in hospital-based or community health care setting, nurses assume three basic roles: - Practitioner-involves actions that directly meet the health care and nursing needs of patients, families, and significant others; includes staff nurses at all levels of the clinical ladder, advanced practice nurses, and community-based nurses. - Leader-involves actions such as deciding, relating, influencing, and facilitating that affect the actions of others and are directed toward goal determination and achievement; may be a formal nursing leadership role or an informal role periodically assumed by the nurse. - Researcher-involves actions taken to implement studies to determine the actual effects of nursing care to further the scientific base of nursing; can include all nurses, not just academicians, nurse scientists, and graduate nursing students. History of Nursing - The first nurses were trained by religious institutions to care for patients; no standards or educational basis. - In 1873, Florence Nightingale developed a model for independent nursing A & E department to teach critical thinking, attention to the patient's individual needs, and respect for the patient's rights. - During the early 2003s, hospitals used nursing students as cheap labor and most graduate nurses were privately employed to provide care in the home. - After World War II, technological advancements brought more skilled and specialized care to... A & E departments in hospitals throughout the UK, such as investor-owned organizations and corporation chains, earn profit through aggressive marketing and pricing strategies. Emergency room visits to these facilities result in more inpatient admissions than in other (20 percent more) or public hospitals. And, once patients are in the hospital, professionally managed A & E departments more frequently utilize profitable ancillary services--such as the pharmacy, clinical laboratories, and diagnostic radiology --than do other ownership groups. Further, they charge approximately 80 percent more than publics and 38 percent more than A & E departments in downtown UK hospitals for inpatient ancillary services. Profits are also generated through lower salaries and lower staff-to-patient ratios. Though professionally managed A & E departments tend to have smaller facilities than A & E departments in UK hospitals, they utilize a higher proportion of space for patient care. Nurses, although are cost-effective but difficult to maintain and support in the A & E department, their presence is more likely to help the hospital/A & E Department be accredited than otherwise in various hospitals (Gray 2003). Based on a 2002 Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations study, whereas 14 percent of all hospitals are for-profit, 18 percent of accredited hospitals are for-profit. In contrast, whereas 59 percent of all hospitals are other, only 57 percent of accredited hospitals are.

Internet Banking Master Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internet Banking Master - Assignment Example The present form of online banking finds its roots in the pioneering initiative launched by four of the major banks of New York, Citibank, Chemical Bank, Chase Manhattan and Manufacturers Hanover bank. These banks simultaneously, yet individually, offered home banking services that allowed bank customer to maintain records as well as carry out transactions without leaving the comforts of their home (Mary J.C., 1997) Internet Banking received a major boost with the rapid development and penetration of banking activities conducted over the internet. Activities like money transfer and securities trading can be done through internet banking. It's a virtual bank in itself which is often an extension of its brick and mortar model. With expanding information technology it is wise for the banks to adopt and leverage it, for expansion of business and better and faster delivery of services to the customer. Some of the benefits of internet banking are: Internet banking is being used both in B2B (business to business) and retail banking. There are also some banks which only have a virtual presence, for example Nexity Bank. Generally bigger banks tend to offer internet banking. This is because smaller banks often find the cost of the service unprofitable before they expand to a certain scale (Gup B.E., 2003) Lloyds TSB is the largest retail bank in UK serving over 30 million customers. Being one of the largest banks in UK and the world, it has taken to internet technology in a big way and offers an array of services to its customers over the internet. Some of the internet banking services offered by TSB are like payment of bills, management of direct debit and standing orders, online application for savings account- over draft - credit card -personal loans, online travel money (without commission),online statements and so on. They also provide online banking guarantee and free weekly text alerts and the best is that registration for such services comes free of cost. (Lloyds TSB Bank Plc., n.d.) Internet banking has different stages. The very fundamental or basic stage is about 'information'; it offers information about the bank and its offerings. The next level is 'communication' which offers interaction between the customer and the bank's information or IT system. 'Transaction' is at the core of the next stage, where customers virtually transfer money/funds, pay bills and so on. (Ravi V., 2007) Internet bankin

The Computer Ethics | Essay

The Computer Ethics | Essay The computer and the Internet is probably the greatest tool that people rely on in the modern world today. However, they are the most unrestricted form of technology. Identity theft, stealing, fraud, and plagiarizing can now be done electronically and anonymously. There are people in the world that intend to hurt others through the computer. As such, it is important to not only understand a code of ethics to prevent harming yourself and others, but to also develop methods to protect yourself. Code of Ethics It is always important that when operating a computer that one does not harm other people. Unethical decisions in the use of the computer are as varying and harmful as acts committed directly against other people. The internet is very vast, and it does contain information and data, but it also provides dangers. There are as many dangerous activities through the internet as outside the computer and then some. Viruses, hacking, committing fraud, plagiarizing can all be done through a computer. Therefore, a code of honor should be established for anyone wishing to use the computer. Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics. The Computer Ethics Institute created the Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics. 1. Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other people. 2. Thou shalt not interfere with other peoples computer work. 3. Thou shalt not snoop around in other peoples computer files. 4. Thou shalt not use a computer to steal. 5. Thou shalt not use a computer to bear false witness. 6. Thou shalt not copy or use proprietary software for which you have not paid. 7. Thou shalt not use other peoples computer resources without authorization or proper compensation. 8. Thou shalt not appropriate other peoples intellectual output. 9. Thou shalt think about the social consequences of the program you are writing or the system you are designing. 10. Thou shalt always use a computer in ways that insure consideration and respect for your fellow humans. (Lee) Personal Care. A computer is personal property to the owner, and he or she may do as they wish with the computer. However, a computer is the same as any property such as a house or a car. It is important to take care of the computer so that it operates safely as long as possible. This means to avoid any behaviors that would harm the computer or that will harm you. An example is giving personal information to sites that should not be trusted and could result in identity theft. Maintain an anti-virus software program to prevent virus attacks and always maintain and update the Computer. If a computer was a car, the same rule applies. A car should regularly be checked and sent for a tune-up. Respect Property. As always, it is important to take care of your computer. However, it is just as important to respect and properly use other computers. The same old rule applies; treat others property as you want your property to be treated. There are several risky behaviors on the computer that can harm it, and should be avoided on another persons computer. As a general rule, treat another computer better than your own. Not only does this apply to a friends personal computer, but also to the computers at school or at the library that provide public access. Remember that access to these computers is a privilege and should be respected. There are several important behaviors to observe when operating a different computer than your own. First, never operate a computer without permission. There may be special circumstances that you may be unaware. Second, always take good care of the equipment; the keyboard, the mouse, CDs, and hard drive itself. Finally, never download material or do anything potentially harmful to the computer. An illegal act could cause trouble for the owner or harm the computer and information it contains. Intellectual Property Intellectual property is any creation of the mind. Certain property is protected under Copyright Law, such as: Scientific discoveries Works of art or literature Inventions Designs Films or television programs Trademarks and names Computer programs Entertainment The Internet and Intellectual Property. As mentioned several times, the Internet is a source of a vast amount of information. The Internet is not a library or book, the Internet is for the most part unmanaged, unedited, unsupervised; anyone can post information on Internet for all to see. (Emmans) Information or creative works are not limited to copyright protected companies or organizations. Anyone can place information or creative work on the Internet. There are no physical boundaries to protect against the infringement of copyright. With free access to the Internet, any user may steal information anonymously and claim it as their own and this makes Intellectual Property almost unenforceable on the Internet. Protecting Against Plagiarism. Fortunately, there are tools available on the Internet to ensure users that they properly give credit to the information on the Internet. First, many sites available assist students in creating the proper citations for their sources. Good examples of these include Easybib and Citationmachine. These sites allow the user to enter the information of the source that they used, from either the Internet or elsewhere, and the device creates the proper citation. Jus the same, there are websites available to check the authenticity of a source of information, either a website or another type of information. An example is Turnitin.com, which allows teachers to analyze students work for plagiarized information. Other sites can be used to find if other website is credible or not. Finally, databases are an excellent tool for student or researchers. Databases contain well-documented articles from professional journals to even whole books, while also providing the sour ce information. Any student should take advantage of the tools available on the Internet to properly cite information and to find real sites. Placing Information on the Internet. When placing items on the Internet always make sure that the source of the information or media is cited. Also, when running a website, always include information to the ownership of the site and when it was updated. In this way, people can cite your website if they wish. Also, when maintaining a website, update regularly and maintain the site constantly. A website that has not been updated in years or does not have the proper links does not appear to be a good website. Limiting Access Free Speech. In American, everyone has a right to free speech, but where does this cross the line on the Internet? While people have a freedom of speech, there are limits in the physical world. For example, a person cannot slander or falsify against someone that will harm them. For example, claiming that a political opponent stole money from the treasury when this is not true is illegal. However, in the realm of the Internet, where there are no boundaries or enforcement, anything that can be said is said without punishment. The Internet is an excellent source of information, but as said before, websites should be evaluated before they are considered trustworthy or capable. An excellent example is Wikipedia, a free-access reference site. The site is well maintained and there is plenty of information with credible sources. However, anyone can edit a page on Wikipedia, and some of the facts may be false if not blatantly. In addition, on the Internet, there is a large amount of media, music, videos and images, even derogatory images and videos. Given that there is free-access, children may accidentally find these inappropriate images from innocent searches. Schools and Libraries. Schools and Libraries can help protect students and children from unrestricted access to the Internet. School and Library servers can now be fitted with restrictions that will block harmful or inappropriate websites. For students, this is very helpful in keeping them from exploring harmful sites while still having access to find information. In Libraries, it is important to protect the computers and restrictions on the internet help in this task, since many people come and go on the computers. (Emmans) Parental Control. Still the best protection for children is parental oversight. Children should not operate the computer or navigate the Internet themselves. This should also be applied to teenagers. Cindy Emman writes, A minor walking into a store to try to buy pornography can be stopped; a minor logging into the Internet can easily pose as an adult no one is the wiser. Parents should monitor teens use of the computer and teach their children proper use of the internet. (Emmans) Conclusion There are many concerns for the use of the computers. There are many harms that are created by others and there are harms created by the operator. Fortunately, there are methods developing to defend against harmful viruses, internet theft, and plagiarizing. The key for the prosperity of the computer is that each owner of the computer exhibits proper behavior, and anyone can turn to the Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics as a guide. Remember; never do anything that would harm another.

Racial Profiling in America Essay -- Black Lives Matter Essays

On February 4, 1999, Amadou Diallo, an unarmed 22 year-old immigrant from New Guinea, West Africa, was shot and killed in the narrow vestibule of the apartment building where he lived. Four white officers, Sean Carroll, Kenneth Boss, Edward McMellon and Richard Murphy fired 41 bullets, hitting Diallo 19 times. All four were members of the New York City Police Department's Street Crimes Unit, which, under the slogan, "We Own the Night," used aggressive "stop and frisk" tactics against African- Americans at a rate double that group's population percentage. A report on the unit by the state attorney general found that blacks were stopped at a rate 10 times that of whites, and that 35 percent of those stops lacked reasonable suspicion to detain or had reports insufficiently filled out to make a determination. Thousands attended Diallo's funeral. Demonstrations were held almost daily, along with the arrests of over 1,200 people in planned civil disobedience. In a trial that was moved out of the community where Diallo lived and to Albany in upstate New York, the four officers who killed Diallo were acquitted of all charges. (â€Å"Persistence† 21) Racial Profiling is any police or private security practice in which a person is treated as a suspect because of his or her race, ethnicity, nationality or religion. This occurs when police investigate, stop, frisk, search or use force against a person based on such characteristics instead of evidence of a person's criminal behavior. It often involves the stopping and searching of people of color for traffic violations, known as â€Å"DWB† or â€Å"driving while black or brown.† (Meeks 17) After 9/11, racial profiling has become widely accepted as an appropriate form of crime prevention. People were s... ... as far back as any of us can remember. Racial profiling stems from racism, and fear of people who are different, ethnically and culturally, than the person making the judgments. Sadly, it spreads even further than that, and clouds the judgment of the people who are in positions of authority, even when they come from the same ethnic background. Racism, classism, sexism and all the other –isms combine to create trends such as these, which affect more than just the person being judged; it affects their families, friends, neighborhoods, communities, etc. Like all other issues that deal with the problem of –isms, the only way to change the dominant perception is to change the way people are programmed throughout life and their experiences. Until that day, no legislation or rule is going to change the way people feel about the minority, or perceived lower class, group.

Research Ethics

A research study is defined as an activity involving collection of data with an aim of solving a specific selected problem. The above is followed by recording of the data then subsequently its analysis so as to arrive at meanings. Finally the results are generalized so as to make the findings applicable to whole populations and therefore deductions as well as suggestions also known as recommendations. Finally the researcher makes conclusions which are an opinion which expresses the researchers stand concerning the research problem. A researcher should ensure that the suitable data collection instruments and methods are used. The suitable data analysis techniques should be employed so as to enable the researcher draw the relevant conclusions of a study. A research study involves costs, which are incurred in various ways including data collection, carrying out interviews as well as costs associated with data analysis. In any given research study there is usually an involvement of usually three or more groups of participants. The participants include the researcher, the respondent and the sponsor. For a marketing research, the sponsor is usually the supplier. Research studies require that some ethical norms be considered to ensure that the research being carried out is meets ethical standards as well as regulations guiding various professions. These ethical norms are usually observed with reference to the rights and obligations of each participant in a research. In any given study, the researcher is supposed to adhere to ethical norms something aimed at ensuring that, the research does not interfe with peoples fundamentals rights no harm the research subjects in any way. All particiapants in a research are required to adhere to the given regulations in their interactions amongst themselves as well as in their interactions to the public in whose midst the research is conducted. When handling the respondent a researcher should apply certain ethical norms in order to observe and guarantee the respect of respondent’s rights. Such respondent’s rights in an interview can include amongst others: (i) Informed consent – it’s the right of the respondent to be informed about a certain research to be carried out and that the respondent is supposed to be a participant. The researcher is obliged to respect the respondent and give details of the research study. With an informed consent, the relationship between the researcher and that of the respondent is enhanced something which results into a good working rapport hence contributing to the success of the research study. Incases of lack of consent before a research begins co-operation lacks in the data collection process and therefore chances that the data gathered may be unreliable become high. (ii) Confidentiality – Ethical norms dictate that the respondent should be treated with a sense of confidentiality in handling the respondents’ information. The respondents’ information should not be exposed to third parties or used for purposes other than those for which consent was sought for. The information obtained from the respondent should be given to the right person. Incase of a marketing research the supplier should get the information. The researcher should make sure that he/she remains truthful and ensure that he /she does not expose the respondents’ information (Dooley, 2002, P160-170). (iii) Anonymity – It is the right of the respondent to maintain his or her anonymity. Anonymity refers to the concealing of the respondent’s identity. It is the right of the respondent to decide about his identity hence the researcher should respect that decision. The researcher should not disclose the identity of the respondent when the instructions demand so. The researcher should posses the value of promise keeping so as to succeed (Emerson 1990, P89-103) The researcher should be able to be responsible when handling the respondents’ identity. He/she should not be able to misplace any documents containing the respondents details this would contravene the respondents right to immunity. The researcher should be honest to the extent of involvement of respondent in the research study. The researcher should inform the respondent whether there is any risk of harm involved. This will help the respondent in preparing himself or herself. This honesty should not be compromised. This point to the obligation of the researcher in taking into consideration the respondent’s safety. The researcher has the obligation towards the research staff. Ethical issues will enable him or her handle the research team as per the ethical norms (Gray 2003 p 67-83) The researcher should be honest towards the research staff in terms of their remuneration. The researcher should also consider the safety of the research team. He or she should ensure that no acts of negligence or carelessness should occur which might cause safety risk of the research team. The researcher should also ensure that he or she practices patience while handling the respondent, the research team and also the sponsor (incase of a market research study; the supplier) Patience will be required in negotiations and discussions since a research study mostly involves teamwork. Each participant in a research study usually has a set of obligations to be taken care of. The researcher usually has an obligation towards the supplier who is the sponsor of a research study. The researcher is supposed to achieve these obligations through the guidance of ethical norms. The obligations of the researcher to the sponsor executable through application of ethical norms include: (i) Obligation to submit a conclusive research study worthy of the cost paid. The sponsor usually takes more of the research cost; therefore the researcher has to submit research work, which is worthy the amount paid for. To succeed in these obligations the researcher should remain honest. The researcher should be ready to account for the research project to the satisfaction of the sponsor; In the case of a marketing research the supplier ***** (ii) The researcher has the obligation of submitting the researcher has the obligation of submitting the research work within the specified time frame. This obligation requires that the researcher posses the quality of commitment. The researcher should be truthful in giving the expected time for completion of the research work. (iii) The researcher has the obligation of submitting research work of the right quality. The supplier or sponsor will expect the researcher to carry out a research study, which serves the purpose. This will include use of the suitable data collection methods, proper analysis and reasonable conclusions drawn. The supplier (sponsor) will expect the researcher to provide him or her with the suitable data evaluation techniques so that he may be able to understand well the research work (flick 1983 p 10-26) We must be aware of the fact that the sponsor who is usually the supplier in a market research study has an obligation towards the researcher. The sponsor has to be honest towards the researcher in terms of the scope of the research work required. He should not exaggerate on details required in a research study, which might be out of scope. Failure to be honest the researcher will definitely submit irrelevant information upon research (Johnson 1985 p 17-36) The supplier (sponsor) should remain truthful about the research costs. The sponsor should clear the costs of research and also remunerate the researcher. The supplier should not create complications after the research work has been completed. This would contravene the researcher’s right of remuneration. CONCLUSION Research studies are aimed at alleviating certain problem or learning more about a specific problem. For any research study to be successful the participants should be able to co-operate well towards attainment of the research objective. This co-operation will be brought about by each participant playing his or her role under the guidance of the ethical issues required in a research study. The ethical issues shouldn’t be largely dependent on the specific participants’ rights and obligations.

The Broken Family

The Broken Family Free Online Research Papers America is the best country in the world. We have the best doctors, the best military, the best schools and best of all the most freedom. But as with any system there are possible improvements. One of America’s biggest current problems is the broken family. In America one out of two marriages ends in divorce. This drop in stable marriages also increases the number of children being raised by single parents of whom eighty three percent are female (Wood). This is creating a generation of children who have no idea how a family should be run and they don’t understand how to be a good spouse. This experience in a child’s youth also causes kids to try and have all of the things that come with marriage with out the commitment because they are afraid of it. This decrease in lasting marriages can be accounted for by many factors. One contributing factor is the idea today that love is what you want it to be and only lasts as long as things are easy or comfortable. This misconception causes many couples to just forget about the â€Å"till death do you part† section of the vows and decide that they should sleep with whoever makes them feel good (Wilson). These decisions can also cause a large spread of diseases. With our youth going and having sex with many people to whom they are not married, many diseases are being passed along and spreading through the society. If these people had the traditional values of marriage and abstinence then the diseases wouldn’t be a problem. The fall of traditional values in America has brought an increase in the spread of STDs. As more and more teens decide that they are mature enough or free enough to pick a mate at the age of sixteen and sleep with them shows: for one, a lack of general education on health and risks that come from this, and a lack of value placed on the family. This new generation of unmarried teenagers at risk of STDs and not caring should scare the decision makers and educators into action but regardless of this they choose to ignore what is happening and cover it up. The frequent divorces that leave behind children with only a single parent cause these children to grow up without some of the guidance that they need. As many children only have a mother they lack the strong guidance that can come from a father. Because of this America has seen a rise in gang participation and violence. Gang membership provides a fatherless child with a level of guidance, acceptance and discipline that all youth desperately need. At the beginning of 2002 there were approximately 18 active gangs; now there are around 89 active gangs on record. (Atkins) According to Toney Atkins, the courier for The Southern Poverty Law Center, the gangs are now more violent and more active, committing more atrocities and pulling in new members daily. The American media is one of the largest culprits of poor education to our youth. Every day the news is flooded with all of the problems in America and all of the youth know everything that goes wrong. Every single murder, rape, divorce, sexual scandal, and the next top model all show up to tell them what the worlds problems are and how horrible it can be to be out in the world and its strife. These children are deeply influenced by everything they hear and will see these things as normal. One proof of this is seen in the growing rates of teenage violence. These problems all compounded with each other and America’s drift away from absolute truth and right and wrong are making America a much scarier place to be than it was fifty years ago. The easiest solution to these problems is education and awareness. If the American schools were willing to tell their students the truth about what their actions do to them, then the American public could begin its path back to strength and unity. Dr. Ann Crickard, while giving a lecture on STDs to a Westland high school health class, stated â€Å"†¦Condoms are not 100% protective against STDs especially HIV†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The teacher of the class immediately stood up and said to Dr. Crickard â€Å"You can’t say that!† disallowing Dr. Crickard the right to defend her statement. The teacher quickly removed her from the classroom.(Crickard) This symbol of America’s ignorance and attempt to hide information from the youth needs to be stopped in order to protect our f uture generations. If America opens the minds of its youth to the studies and facts around them, then the many problems arising from and with the broken families could begin to fade. To use an old clichà © â€Å"the youth of today are the leaders of tomorrow†. If our generation is kept completely ignorant and uninformed then the results will destroy our country. A strong education and a belief and hunger for absolute truth are forces that will put America back into a rush forward to a strong leadership role in the world. Improved strength in the American family and a return to the traditional family values can bring American society out of the scare that it is in due to all of the crimes occurring and bring back the common â€Å"hello† to passing strangers. If America gives the new generations an education about the value and strength of a close family, then the family can come back and give America the strength and values to be a light shining in a dark and scary world. Research Papers on The Broken FamilySexually Transmitted DiseasesBooker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells-BarnettProbation OfficersIs the Use of Psychotropic Drugs in the Treatment ofThe Story of Beatrix PotterMRSA Staph BacteriaCauses of the 2008 Financial CrisisStandardized TestingDistance Learning Survival GuideCombating Human Trafficking

AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa and in San Francisco

Key Drivers of HIV/AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa and in San Francisco Introduction HIV/AIDS continues to be a leading cause of alarm globally. New infections and deaths due to HIV/AIDS related complications are major issues that need to be dealt with urgently. It is particularly alarming in the sub-Saharan Africa where an average of 10% HIV prevalence in adults has been recorded. This is very high compared to the global average of 1%. The Southern Africa region accounts for about 40% of the global population living with HIV.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Key Drivers of HIV/AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa and in San Francisco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the female gender is more affected by the pandemic with women and girls accounting for about 60% of this population. Although the records indicate optimistic results, there is still need to enhance the campaign. In San Francisco, the new infections and death tolls may be on a down slope but the marginalized groups are still at a risk and this needs to be addressed. In this paper the key drivers of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa and San Francisco will be discussed. HIV/AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa The extent of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in the region can be attributed to such things as; Sexual behavior-many men and women in the region have different sex partners concurrently; these may be in cases of polygamy, small houses (side partners apart from spouse) and prostitution. Many of them do not use condoms consistently meaning that safe sex practice has not been cultivated in them (Jana et al, 13-16). Secondly, male circumcision is practiced in very low levels and as we know, male circumcision is a major boost in the prevention efforts so lack of it is on the contrary. A third driver is the stigma associated with infection. This lack of acceptance by the individual and the community forces an infected person to keep their status secret which leads to further spread of the virus. In some cases some people d o not want to know their status for fear of stigmatization and this brings down the efforts of treating the infected persons. Also many sexually transmitted infections go untreated mainly due to this fear and they are a factor that encourages HIV infection. Male attitudes towards gender related issues such as reproductive health is also another contributing factor. Men do not involve themselves in such issues and therefore many of them lack the knowledge to curb the pandemic. They involve themselves in intergenerational sex, gender based violence and sexual violence. This means that the women and girls are the major victims of the men’s ignorance hence the high number of infections in females (Expert Think Tank Meeting on HIV Prevention in High-Prevalence Countries in Southern Africa 5-7). HIV/AIDS in San Francisco In San Francisco, the efforts of prevention and treatment have born fruits since the number of new infections and HIV/AIDs related deaths is on a downward trend. T he reduction in these numbers can be highly attributed to the change of sexual behavior in heterosexual men and women and non-injecting drug users.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cases of new infections in these groups of people are very rare. However, there are still other driving forces in the spread of the disease and these include; Homosexual behavior; men who have sexual relationships with other men are at a major risk of infection. Transfemales are also another group of people who are on the higher side of the risk and hence their behavior is a key driver for the epidemic. Injection drug use is another major driving force. HIV transmission among this group of people is very likely and so the risk of new infections is unacceptably high. Disparities and unequal treatment for different groups of people may have been a major drawback on the efforts but it is now on the downward slope. This is as a result of the efforts by different care groups to involve representation of all the communities; including the marginalized groups, in the decision making process (San Francisco HIV Prevention Plan 1). Comparison between the key Drivers in the two regions The driving forces in these two regions are very different since they are driven by the people’s lifestyles which in these cases are worlds apart. As a comparison of the key drivers in these regions, we look at the drivers the way they affect the efforts made to eradicate the disease. As we have seen in the discussion earlier, the major driving forces in the sub Saharan Africa can be attributed to the regions position in terms of development. Most countries in the region are developing countries; and factors such as gender and sexual violence, poverty which leads to intergenerational sex and prostitution especially in women are inherent in these countries. This makes the prevention and treatment processes very hard since some people are driven to the wall by circumstances; meaning that they may be willing to change their ways but the situations they are in cannot allow that. In San Francisco however, the major driving force is the sexual orientation of individuals as well as drug and substance abuse. These can not be attributed to under development, therefore, the efforts to curb the epidemic can only be strengthened by the people’s willingness to change their ways. If the high risk groups of people are willing, they can put in their efforts; for instance, the gay community can accept to learn and use preventive measures, the drug users can accept rehabilitation plans or in extreme cases they should take precautions in their sharing.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Key Drivers of HIV/AIDS in Sub Saharan Africa and in San Francisco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Response o f the Church to the Key Drivers of HIV/AIDS The church has made a lot of efforts in the fight against HIV/AIDs; However, this has not prevented the spread of the disease. This continued deterioration can be attributed to the churches ethical, liturgical and ministerial practices. These have encouraged the spread of the disease both passively and actively. These factors include the lack of an open, realistic way of involvement due to the shyness in addressing sex education and sexuality issues which are involved in prevention of HIV spread. Exclusion, theological interpretation of scriptures and definition of sin have contributed to increase stigmatization and suffering. A plan has been put forward to add an ecumenical dimension to the church’s effort and if implemented, it is bound to yield better results (Global consultation on the ecumenical response to the challenge of HIV/AIDS in Africa 9) In the US, the church’s involvement is mainly through faith based organizati ons. These have continually offered support to the infected and affected in terms of medical care, food supplies, cancelling and the general support needed morally and spiritually. They have also offered care to the care givers and education to the communities on the risk factors and prevention services. The government has since supported these organizations through federal funding. Laws have also been put down to prevent discrimination against such organization, the beneficiary or volunteer on the basis of religion. Also, it ensures that nobody should be forced to get involved in any religious activity involuntarily. These partnerships ensure that the church’s efforts are delivered painlessly and the beneficiaries are satisfied. Conclusion From these findings, we can conclude that the spread of HIV is highly dependent on a people’s lifestyle. This covers the level of development, the cultural beliefs and religious beliefs. The Church and the various arms of government can play a major role in the effort to curb the pandemic especially when they work together. Expert Think Tank Meeting on HIV Prevention in High-Prevalence Countries in Southern Africa. SADC 2006: 5-10. Web. â€Å"Global consultation on the ecumenical response to the challenge of HIV/AIDS in Africa.† The Ecumenical Response to HIV/AIDS in Africa 2001: Web.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Jana Mere, Nkambule Paul and Tumbo D; One Love: Multiple and concurrent Sexual Partnerships in Southern Africa: A Ten Country Research Report. 2008:13-36 Web. â€Å"San Francisco HIV Prevention Plan.† San Francisco HIV Prevention Planning Council 2010: 1-3. Web.

Can torture be ethical Discuss in relation to the War on Terror Essay

Can torture be ethical Discuss in relation to the War on Terror - Essay Example There were often many manuals given to convey the torture techniques and the implications. Written codes and conducts were also regulated to redefine the process of torture and differentiate what is acceptable and what is impermissible (Scott, 2003, p27). As the theories enhanced, there is a huge debate on the torture ethics which is going on since years, and especially after 2001 when there was an initiative of the war on terror by collaboration of many countries. Some debate that torture has always been immoral and unjustifiable, whereas many of the modern theorists and socialists suggest that if torturing an evil man because of which many lives can be saved, then there is no better moral decision that could be taken (Wisnewski, Emerick, 2009, p 78). Thus, war on terror is a justifiable process which is carried out throughout the Western world, and if it includes the practices of torturing then torture can be considered ethical too, in a broad scope. There are many ethical argument s that have risen up related to torture and its value to the society. The major argument that supports the ethics or torture is the fact that it is an essential tool. Many of the countries condemn the use of torture and consider it not only unethical but also unlawful. Whereas many countries still use it as their tool and consider it as effective in many circumstances (Harbury, 2005, p95). There are many arguments placed forth and the basic debate lie in the views presented by deontological and utilitarian viewpoints. Both the viewpoints hold justification in their own way. The utilitarian viewpoint suggests that torture can be justified if the overall outcome of the action is positive. This refers to the process of torture which is used as a tool to investigate and weed the evil out of a person or criminal. In this belief, the utilitarian thinker might consider the outcome as the only source of judgment and to decide whether the act of torturing is moral or not. The outcome can def ine the long term effects in which lives may be saved and evil may be finished. This is the primary factor on which torture is used as a tool (Greenberg, 2006, p50). Opposing the utilitarian view is the deontological view which came from the word duty. This viewpoint suggests that the rules and values hold immense importance and they should be fulfilled as the first priority rather than the outcome. Utilitarian thinkers give immense respect to the moral values and ethics over the outcomes of allowing torture or restricting it. However, if the outcome is uncertain or can not be known, then the utilitarian thinker would state that torture is wrong and unjustifiable (Skerker, 2010, p154). There are any arguments seen favoring the utilitarian views against torture and in some parts of the world, the laws support these views as well. The war on terror or war on terrorism is known to describe the campaign set out by the US and includes many other countries such as the UK. The term is comm only used and it applies to the campaign which is initiated against the al-Qaeda and other militant groups which are associated to it. The aim of this campaign was to eliminate the powers and actions of such militant organizations. The September 11 attack on the World Trade Centre gave rise to many militant groups that tend to declare war against America. These groups were the terrorists and in regard to those, the phrase War on Terror was used and made popular by the military organizations of the US. Soon it became

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques on Chronic Pain in Dissertation - 1

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques on Chronic Pain in Cancer Patients - Dissertation Example As the discussion declares studies relating to methods of pain relief in cancer patients using alternative methods of pain relief, other than pharmacological-based methods, are inconclusive on the effect of relaxation towards alleviating pain. In view of the fact that pharmacological methods use is prominent among cancer patients, these drugs exposes them to serious side effects such as loss of effectiveness with time or even inadequate pain relief among other side effects. NPPRIs are complementary pain management approaches and they include cutaneous stimulation such as massages, transcutaneous electrical stimulation and cognitive behavioral such as relaxation techniques. Muscle tension is minimized through relaxation techniques as they create powerful distractions. Cancer pain relief through relaxation techniques such as PMR is gaining ground among patients. PMR, as a relaxation technique, may break the cycle of pain, anxiety and reduce muscle tension. This review will examine evid ence of PMR where it is linked to relieving chronic pain in cancer patients. Data will be mined from systematic literature and analysed so as to identify the role, effectiveness and degree onto which PMR techniques can be used to relief pain in cancer patients. According to the research findings progressive muscle relaxation, a non pharmacological pain relief intervention (NPPRI) technique, involves the systematic tensing and relaxing of skeletal muscles of the body. PMR may involve a few muscles for patients in acute pain in a clinical environment.

Strategic Human Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Strategic Human Resources - Essay Example It also identifies the role, models along with the methods in which businesses can utilize their human resource teams to effectively achieve their goals. A) Findings And Analysis 1.0 The Key Drivers From The External Business Environment That Re-Shape Organizations And The Way Employees Are Managed There are several drivers from the external environments of businesses that influence changes to the way a business performs its activities and manages its employees. The first external driver to the way a business performs its activities is technology (Pace and Wayne, 2001). The development of technology has led to the inexpensive preparation and distribution of information. The current technology in use across many businesses is low cost, has high speed digital transmission and is utilized in producing vital information in a quick and easy manner. The utilization of this technology in businesses eliminates the temporal limitations, which include the restrictions on time, spaces and costs (Michael, 2007). Another key driver from the external environment that has greatly impacted on the reshaping of organizations and the management of employees is the concept of globalization (Harold, 2003). The concept implies that a business makes use of faster transportation systems, has fast access to information from distant markets. This is because the world market has become common with little barriers to trade. An organization’s customers can purchase any of their products from multiple outlets located in various areas around the world (Katherine, 2002). This implies that the organization will have to relocate its employees as well as recruit other members to their new branches so as to be effective in their endeavors. The concept of globalization will assist an organization to know how their competitors are fairing and enable them to remain competitive in the markets. An organization can also take advantage of the concept by attaining customer feedbacks on their produ cts and instantly work out corrective measures to correct the situation (Harold, 2003). Another major external driver that influences the way organizations reshape and manage their workers is the notion of power concentration on a few market shareholders (Katherine, 2002). These big investors normally hold majority of the stocks in other companies and influence the ways in which businesses are run in their respective markets (Pace and Wayne, 2001). When these organizations are displeased in the existing policies, they could in turn make the market fall into jeopardy (Katherine, 2002). The economic factors that affect an organization refer to the policies that governments use in their capital markets, their nature of reason bequest, and their business cycles along with their socio-fiscal infrastructures. For organizations to become successful and manage their employees effectively, they must scrutinize their market environments for any unforeseen changes (Erica, 2006). This type of s crutiny will greatly help the business or organization in maximizing their profitability while minimizing the costs they incur in the process. The wage rates in different countries differ and this implies that organizations will have to adopt suitable policies to handle the issues with their employees (Katherine, 2002). These policies should enable the organization to retain their labor force while remaining profitable in their activities. The social environment within a country

Corrections Purpose and History Essay Example for Free

Corrections Purpose and History Essay The history of punishment is a unique one, since the dawn of man human kind has punished one another. Man did not merely throw someone in a chamber and let them contemplate their crimes such as we do in today’s society; rather, during those early times, punishment was harsh and swift. Criminals were not drawn through the litigation processes; instead, they were found immediately guilty of a crime and brought forth to be punished in an open forum, serving to the masses as an example of the consequences of crime. The early forms of punishment in Europe varied greatly but all forms were meant to inflict unimaginable pain upon the recipient, and it is from the European methods of imprisonment from which the U.S. drew inspiration. Punishment such as crucifixion, burning on pyres, guillotines, and gauntlets are but a few examples of what methods were utilized as early methods of punishment in early Europe. This illustrates the underlying ideology that punishment should be administered with two principles in mind, deterrence and retribution. Purpose and History Methods of imprisonment introduced near the turn of the eighteenth century England inspired and revolutionized the way we punish and house inmates. In England during the fifteenth and sixteenth century’s corporal punishment reined supreme. Public beatings were carried out in the streets with whips; beheadings and torture were the norm for serious crimes; and enslavement was common for petty offenders. During the seventeenth century in England and other European countries, imprisonment for lesser offenses started to occur but conditions were less than desirable or humane. These facilities were overcrowded, unsanitary, and, worst of all, gender/age neutral, which meant that male felons frequently took liberties with incarcerated women and children (Incarcerated: The History of the Penitentiary from 1776-Present, 1997). The American Colonies quickly embraced the idea of imprisonment, because of the religious freedoms English settlers sought when they colonized this nation. The Quakers were a religious group that settled in the northeast United States and they developed new laws to govern punishment and incarcerations that focused on prolonged imprisonment to serve as retribution for crimes committed. The Quakers belief system focused on of morality, peace, non-violence, and humanity. As such they showed mercy on offenders by allowing them to shed their anti-social behaviors through long term incarceration and a penance of hard labor. It is from this that modern the concept of reformation was established. Since this form of incarceration gained popularity, it has held onto two core principles: that a criminal can make restitutions for his/her crimes and that a convict can be eventually reintegrated back into society. The new form of punishment provided an alternative to the implemented punishments of yesteryear. Auburn versus Cherry Hill Pennsylvania System This reformation of how society punished criminals served as the foundation for new and competing theories on incarceration and punishment. In America around the early 1800’s, two prison systems were the dominant models of confinement: the Pennsylvania and the Auburn State. The first model was the Pennsylvania model, which was first used at Cherry Hill prison. This model used solitary confinement as its primary tool: convicts were perpetually detained without interactions with other individuals or time outside of confinement. The idea was that solitary confinement would lead to inward reflection and religious motivation and result in a penitent convict. In fact the word penitentiary actually comes from the Pennsylvania model of perpetual confinement because it had religious implications. At first, particularly in Cherry Hill, a Bible would be left in the solitary confinement cells in the hopes it would help prisoners repent. The second model was the Auburn State prison system, which supported the labor penance model. It operated under the assumption that hard, physical labor could not only serve as restitution but as a means of helping a convicted criminal reintegrate into society fully reformed. Often, prisoners worked during the day in total silence and would be hosed down them at night. A main criticism of the Auburn system was that prisoners were being used essentially as slave labor. Inmates were being farmed out to private business owners, who had contracts with the state, which in turn lined the pockets of the private businesses and cut costs for the state. As such, the Auburn model became the popular model, because states faced significantly less prison and prisoner care costs. Businesses paid a fee in order to use the prisoners and the prisoners acted as unpaid labor for the businesses. The state prisons pocketed the fees thus creating a revenue stream that could be used to support the prisons, rather than tapping into state funds, i.e. tax payer dollars (Colvin, 1997). Around the 1920’s to 1930’s many changes occurred due to the state of the economy and activists pressing the government for prison reform. One of the main changes occurred when Congress enacted the Hawes Cooper Act, which effectively stymied the sale of prison-made goods or the us e of prison-labor by making such goods subject to state punitive laws. This act was passed in no small part due to the jobs that were needed by good upstanding citizens—jobs that were being taken away during extremely tough financial times by cheap prison labor. Congress had the authority to pass such a law thanks to its power to control and tax interstate commerce. The Ashurst-Sumners Act was the final nail in the coffin by prohibiting transport companies from accepting prison-made products (McShane Williams,1996). The changes that stemmed from the Depression helped shape the correctional system into the rehabilitation-oriented program we have today. Prisoners are now classified into the likelihood of rehabilitation and the type of crimes that were committed, and this determines what type of facility an offender is incarcerated. Since 1935, the government made it clear that prisons must separate prisoners on the basis of gender and age. Now, facilities specifically for juvenile offenders have been established and the handling procedures for you nger offenders have been defined. Furthermore, there are programs to rehabilitate all types of offenders whether their needs are as simple as talking to someone during counseling sessions or educational opportunities. In some ways this system has been detrimental to corrections as a whole because it arguably results in overcrowding and a more lenient attitude: if you commit a crime then you will only have to contend with years off your life rather than hard labor and making reparations for the crime (Seiter, 2011). Over-population has resulted in more money taken from the taxpayers because if there are more people in the correctional system, more facilities and care are needed. Crime levels have dissipated over the years but not dramatically enough to really prove that this system is the true solution to our problems. Conclusion Modern principles of rehabilitation and reform have brought about the institution of facilities to incarcerate convicted individuals; these structures are called penitentiaries, jails, and prisons. Current prisons are more aptly concerned with long-term detention rather than a temporary housing prior to punishment like it was used as in the past. Today’s Prisons are a shell of the former institutions. Inmates in facilities today would never allow themselves to be used for labor outside prison walls it would be considered cruel and unusual punishment. For now the correctional system work, but soon it could be on the verge of collapse and any moment the flood gates could burst and the concept of rehabilitation could come to an end. References: Mcshane, M. D., Williams, F. P. (1996). Encyclopedia of American Prisons (2nd ed.). Taylor and Francis. INCARCERATED: THE HISTORY OF THE PENITENTIARY FROM 1776- PRESENT. (1997). Retrieved from http://www.richeast.org/htwm/jails/Jails.html Colvin, M. (1997). Penitentiaries, Reformatories, and Chain Gangs: Social Theory and the History of Punishment in Nineteenth Century America. : St. Martin’s Press. Seiter, R. (2011). Corrections an Introduction (3rd ed.). Upper saddle Hall, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Victorian Sexuality in Stoker’s Dracula, LeFanu’s Carmilla, and Polidor

Victorian Sexuality in Stoker’s Dracula, LeFanu’s Carmilla, and Polidori’s Vampyre Literature is representative of the time in which it is produced. Literature can reflect societal views, attitudes, and fears.Vampire literature, in particular, often represents the fears of a society.In the Victorian Era, a time of intense sexual repression, it was common for vampire stories to reflect the fear of sexuality that was rampant in society. Bram Stoker’s Dracula illustrated fears about sexual women in contrast to the woman who respected and abided by society’s sexual norms. Joseph Sheridan LeFanu’s â€Å"Carmilla† represented not only the fear of feminine sexuality, but also the fear of sexuality between women. John William Polidori’s â€Å"The Vampyre† showed society’s fear of sexuality in terms of the seductive man who could â€Å"ruin† a young girl.These texts are representative of vampire stories in the Victorian Era, and will be the focus here. Victorian society dictated harsh restraints on sexuality, especially female sexuality. Members of Victorian society believed that sexual repression was a sign of good breeding. This was the time of the â€Å"cult of true womanhood,† the â€Å"code of chivalry,† and the Social Purity Movement. To â€Å"be a lady† in Victorian times, women had to repress their â€Å"instincts,† meaning that they must not have sex. Lead by the â€Å"cult of true womanhood,† which dictated piety, purity and submissiveness in women, females were directed to become almost asexual. Women went into sexuality thinking that it was something not to be talked about, that women were not supposed to have a libido, and that the act of sexual intercourse was not something that they should enjoy. As women’s sexuality became more and more... ...rongmore’s past behavior, Aubrey fears for his sister. Strongmore is described as alluring and seductive, making him appear as the sexual man that women of the Victorian Era tried to help to control their desires.Men were encouraged to repress their sexuality as well as women, and men who could not were permitted to see prostitutes.The young unmarried girl was the last person that a man should be seen with, but Strongmore violated this became a foil for young women desiring marriage.This story illustrated the fears of unrestrained sexuality and sedutive men who could ruin young girls, and both fears are embodied by Lord Strongmore. Works Cited Auerbach, Nina. Our Vampires, Ourselves. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1995.    LeFanu, Joseph Sheridan. Best Ghost Stories. New York: Dover, 1964.    Stoker, Bram. Dracula. 1897. New York: Penguin, 1993. Victorian Sexuality in Stoker’s Dracula, LeFanu’s Carmilla, and Polidor Victorian Sexuality in Stoker’s Dracula, LeFanu’s Carmilla, and Polidori’s Vampyre Literature is representative of the time in which it is produced. Literature can reflect societal views, attitudes, and fears.Vampire literature, in particular, often represents the fears of a society.In the Victorian Era, a time of intense sexual repression, it was common for vampire stories to reflect the fear of sexuality that was rampant in society. Bram Stoker’s Dracula illustrated fears about sexual women in contrast to the woman who respected and abided by society’s sexual norms. Joseph Sheridan LeFanu’s â€Å"Carmilla† represented not only the fear of feminine sexuality, but also the fear of sexuality between women. John William Polidori’s â€Å"The Vampyre† showed society’s fear of sexuality in terms of the seductive man who could â€Å"ruin† a young girl.These texts are representative of vampire stories in the Victorian Era, and will be the focus here. Victorian society dictated harsh restraints on sexuality, especially female sexuality. Members of Victorian society believed that sexual repression was a sign of good breeding. This was the time of the â€Å"cult of true womanhood,† the â€Å"code of chivalry,† and the Social Purity Movement. To â€Å"be a lady† in Victorian times, women had to repress their â€Å"instincts,† meaning that they must not have sex. Lead by the â€Å"cult of true womanhood,† which dictated piety, purity and submissiveness in women, females were directed to become almost asexual. Women went into sexuality thinking that it was something not to be talked about, that women were not supposed to have a libido, and that the act of sexual intercourse was not something that they should enjoy. As women’s sexuality became more and more... ...rongmore’s past behavior, Aubrey fears for his sister. Strongmore is described as alluring and seductive, making him appear as the sexual man that women of the Victorian Era tried to help to control their desires.Men were encouraged to repress their sexuality as well as women, and men who could not were permitted to see prostitutes.The young unmarried girl was the last person that a man should be seen with, but Strongmore violated this became a foil for young women desiring marriage.This story illustrated the fears of unrestrained sexuality and sedutive men who could ruin young girls, and both fears are embodied by Lord Strongmore. Works Cited Auerbach, Nina. Our Vampires, Ourselves. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1995.    LeFanu, Joseph Sheridan. Best Ghost Stories. New York: Dover, 1964.    Stoker, Bram. Dracula. 1897. New York: Penguin, 1993.